14 Finnish companies and a national competent authority were interviewed by Aalto University students to find out how applying for authorisation affected them. The <link https: echa.europa.eu documents aalto_report_afa_impacts_en.pdf f11f31c0-1201-a8b2-b08f-9ce1e1a39e53 _blank>study, commissioned by ECHA, identified improved networking of companies in consortiums, improved worker protection, accelerated substitution and increased awareness of the safety aspects of alternatives in some of the companies. It also indicates that companies have not passed the cost of applying to their customers.